The word "pomander" evokes associations with the aroma of spices and festivities, which is especially important on the eve of Christmas and New Year. However, the history of such accessories goes back to the Middle Ages, when they were almost magical amulets.
Initially, pomanders served as amulets. It was believed that aromatic mixtures protected against diseases, evil spirits and even witchcraft. In the Middle Ages, stench was perceived as the cause of many diseases, so such accessories acted not only as protection, but also as a sign of concern for health.
The name "pomander" comes from the French "pomme d'ambre", which translates as "fragrant apple". Initially, this was the name for a ball of incense mixture, and later - metal or wooden containers in which these incense were stored.
Initially, a pomander consisted of two main elements - a case, or metal container, in which the aromatic mixture was placed; and an aromatic ball. The latter was a composition of musk, amber, civet, cinnamon or fragrant herbs.
Later, cases became more complex. Their outer shell was often made in the form of movable petals (four or six), which opened, resembling a flower. Each petal contained a different type of incense, allowing the owner to choose which aroma to use depending on the situation.
Some cases were shaped like spheres or polyhedrons, with several sections inside. This allowed the use of various aromatic substances at the same time.
Their popularity peaked during the Renaissance. The nobility ordered pomanders made of gold and silver, decorated with precious stones. They were attached to clothes, belts, rosaries or carried in the hands.
In the 19th century, the shape and purpose of pomanders changed. They turned into elegant containers for storing dry perfume. They were rarely carried around, but were used as a decorative element.
Over time, pomanders began to lose popularity, especially as an element of clothing. Since they were made of precious materials, few of them have survived. They are quite rare in museum collections.
Today, pomanders are also called oranges, which are decorated with cinnamon sticks, cloves and caraway stars. These are one of the symbols of Christmas, their production is a kind of art.
Source:
artchive.com
meisterdrucke.ie
