A Look at Medieval Strategy: A History of Lewis's Chess Pieces

Chess is a game of kings and queens, bishops and knights that has fascinated people for centuries. Among the various styles of chess pieces that have evolved over time, Lewis chess pieces are considered the most mysterious relics of the medieval world.

Lewis Chess was discovered in 1831 on the Isle of Lewis, the largest island of the Outer Hebrides in Scotland. The discovery took place in the vicinity of Uigh. The figures were found inside a small stone chamber buried in the sand. Scholars believe that the chess pieces were probably made in Norway around the 12th century, possibly in Trondheim, a prominent cultural and commercial center of the Middle Ages.

Lewis chess pieces are distinguished by the exquisite craftsmanship reflected in their intricate carving. The figures are made from walrus ivory and whale teeth, and each one is a miniature masterpiece. Carved faces of kings and queens, ornate patterns on the robes of bishops and finely detailed horses of knights.

The complete set consists of 78 pieces - 8 kings, 8 queens, 16 bishops, 15 knights, 12 rooks and 19 pawns. Figures differ from each other in appearance, decoration and size (no two are the same). Kings and queens are easily distinguished by their royal attire and poses. Bishops, characterized by their miters, reflect the influence of the medieval church. Knights riding horses and wielding spears and shields represent the military prowess of the time.

During the Middle Ages, chess was not just a game, but a reflection of social structures and military strategy. Lewis's chess pieces speak to a medieval worldview where the game was seen not only as a pastime for the elite, but also as a tool for teaching strategy, tactics and military planning.

After the information about the find became public knowledge, 11 chess pieces were purchased by a private person and later they became part of the National Museum of Scotland. The remaining 82 items (67 chess pieces, checkers and a buckle) are stored in the British Museum.

It should be noted that chess artifacts from the Isle of Lewis have been repeatedly reproduced in souvenir chess sets, they have appeared in plays and films.

Lewis chess is more than just playing pieces; it is a portal to a bygone era, allowing a glimpse into the intricacies and complexities of the medieval world.

Source: britishmuseum.org