The sculpture of Saint Bartholomew, created by Marco d'Agrate in 1562, is a work that embodies the martyrdom of the apostle in fascinatingly realistic and at the same time symbolic forms.
Saint Bartholomew, one of the twelve apostles, suffered a cruel death for his faith: according to legend, after the pagans failed to make him renounce, Bartholomew was crucified upside down. But despite his suffering, he continued to preach. And after he was taken down from the cross, his skin was flayed, and, as a sign of his complete refusal to renounce, he was beheaded.
D'Agrate, inspired by the anatomical studies of his time, depicted the saint with great anatomical accuracy. Bartholomew is depicted standing, without skin, with exposed muscles. Each muscle and tendon is depicted with particular care. The skin of the apostle is wrapped around his body like a cloak and held in one of his hands.
In his other hand he holds a book, symbolizing his devotion to the word of God and his continuation of preaching even after death. The depth of physical pain endured for the sake of faith is also emphasized by the scalp hanging on the skin.
This sculpture, which evokes both admiration and some awe in viewers, has become an iconic example of Renaissance art. D'Agrate addressed the theme of martyrdom through the depiction of physical suffering, which allowed him to achieve the depth of symbolism and reveal the strength of the faith of Saint Bartholomew.
The uniqueness of the work is also in the fact that the apostle is depicted not at the moment of his martyrdom, but after it, which emphasizes his fortitude and spiritual superiority over physical pain.
The sculpture is located among the graceful arches and vaults of the Milan Cathedral. Its detail, precision and drama evoke strong emotions and remind us of unconditional devotion to faith, fortitude and courage.
Source:
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