Silver reliquary from the 4th century from the collection of the Museum of Byzantine Culture in Thessaloniki

A silver reliquary from the 4th century, found in northern Greece, is not only a sacred vessel for storing relics or shrines, but also an object that carries deep symbolic and theological meanings through scenes from the Old and New Testaments.

The practice of storing and venerating relics arose in early Christianity, when the relics of the first martyrs were considered sacred objects through which divine grace was manifested. This custom became especially popular in the 4th century.

People believed that touching relics could heal illnesses and protect against evil spirits. In connection with this, reliquaries appeared - skillfully made objects intended to preserve these sacred objects and their public worship.

The front side of the reliquary, which is kept in the Museum of Byzantine Culture in Thessaloniki, depicts a key moment in Christian history: Christ delivering the Law to the Apostles Peter and Paul.

On the back side are three youths in the fire, symbolizing God's protection at the moment of mortal danger. This biblical story serves as a reminder of faith, which helps to overcome any trials.

One of the scenes depicts the prophet Daniel in the lions' den, symbolizing divine help and protection. Another scene is dedicated to the delivery of the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai.

On the upper surface of the reliquary lid is engraved a Christogram - a monogram of Christ in the form of the Greek letters Alpha and Omega. This symbol reminds us of the eternity and immutability of God.

The sides are decorated with grape leaves and bunches of grapes - a symbol of the Eucharist, where wine symbolizes the blood of Christ.

The reliquaries were true works of art. They were decorated with jewelry and reliefs depicting biblical scenes, angels, and saints. They performed an important symbolic function, emphasizing the significance of the relics and drawing the attention of believers to their holiness.

One of the most famous examples is the Golden Reliquary of the Three Magi in Cologne Cathedral. It is made of gold and precious stones and contains the supposed relics of the three Magi who brought gifts to the infant Christ.